What is the recommended treatment for kidney stones caused by hyperuricosuria?

• A. Allopurinol
• B. Indomethacin
• C. Hydration and analgesics
• D. Potassium citrate

Answer: (A)

Stones from hyperuricosuria form when there is too much uric acid in the urine, so the best long-term preventive approach is to reduce uric acid production. Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, lowering uric acid synthesis and thereby decreasing the urinary uric acid load, which reduces the risk of recurrent uric acid stones. Hydration and analgesics help with symptoms but don’t address the underlying excess uric acid. Indomethacin is for pain relief and inflammation during an acute episode, not prevention. Potassium citrate alkalinizes urine and can help prevent uric acid stones by raising urine pH, but the most targeted therapy for hyperuricosuria is reducing uric acid production with allopurinol.